Pdf maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth. Lbw remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns despite the advances in obstetrical prevention, diagnostics, and therapy. In this casecontrol study, 104 pregnant women without systemic disease or other risk factors for preterm labor were chosen. Current research has now established a strong link between periodontal disease and preterm labor in expecting mothers. Maternal periodontal disease as a factor associated. Taken together, unculturable periodontitisassociated bacteria may play an. Jan 01, 2002 pregnant women with periodontal disease pd may be at increased risk for having preterm low birth weight plbw children. It is postulated that preterm birth results from a systemic inflammatory response to periodontal infection that increases prostaglandins and interleukins and affects labor initiation. Interrelation between periodontal disease and preterm birth.
Periodontal disease treatment and risk of preterm birth scielo. However, some conflicting results have been reported. Effects of periodontal therapy on rate of preterm delivery. The women with preterm low birthweight babies had deeper periodontal pockets. A possible link between periodontal infection and the premature delivery of low birth weight babies was recently revealed in a study conducted by a team of.
Authors were contacted when clarification was needed. Periodontal disease can be a source of subclinical and persistent infection that may induce systemic inflammatory responses that increase the risk of preterm birth. Periodontal disease can consist of gingivitis reversible gingival inflammation and periodontitis. Therefore, chemical mediators, principally crp, might be a plausible mediator of the association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Materials and methods a total of 48 mothers, 20 of who had a preterm low birth weight delivery, were examined in the clinics of periodontology, faculty of dentistry, cumhuriyet university. One of the hypotheses to explain the relation between periodontal disease and preterm birth is that periodontal infection is a source of bacteria and bacterial products that may spread from. Association of periodontitis with pre term low birth weight. Pdf preterm low birth weight and maternal periodontal. Additionally, a study conducted in spain to determine the association between periodontitis and the incidence of ptb, lbw and preterm low birth weight ptlbw among 1096 women.
Low birth weight, defined as birth weight less than 2,500 g, continues to be a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. Periodontal medicine preterm low birth weight periodontitis. Results from twelve studies five casecontrol,28, 29, 33, 42, 58 five cohort4, 45, 46, 51, 54 and two trials17, 18 suggest that periodontal. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm. Increased risks of preterm birth and a low birth weight baby in thai human immunodeficiency viruspositive pregnant women with periodontitis j. Low birth weight preterm infants are a major cause of infant morbidity and. Periodontal disease is a chronic, bacteriainduced, inflammatory condition that attacks the gum tissue and in more severe cases, the bone supporting the teeth. Pregnant women who have moderate to severe periodontal disease may be seven times more likely to.
Another study, which investigated the relationship of nutritional condition of the newborns and periodontal status of the mothers also showed similar conclusions. We investigated whether the maintenance of the mothers periodontal health after 28 weeks gestation reduces the risk of plbw. Many of the studies that demonstrate associations between periodontal disease and preterm birth or low birth weight note that measures of pd, al, or gi and bop are the important clinical variables that impact pregnancy. In order to achieve that, it is necessary to conduct more methodologically wellplanned cohort and intervention studies. Introduction rematurity and immaturity is a main cause of prenatal and infant mortality and morbidity in developed societies. Periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes closys. The first theme was created for periodontal attachment loss, or periodontal pocket, or periodontal diseases, or focal infection, dental, or periodontitis, or periodontal. It has been suggested that periodontitis is associated with systemic alterations such as adverse pregnancy outcomes.
The association between periodontal disease and preterm low. Of the selected studies, 9 implied an association between periodontal disease and increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight and or preterm low birth weight outcome ors ranging from 2. The relationship between maternal periodontitis and. Preterm birth accompanied by low birth weight is considered to be one of the most important causes for neonatal mortality. The relationship between periodontitis and preterm low. Periodontal disease is a possible risk factor for low birth weight. Association of periodontitis with preterm birth and low. Pregnant women who have periodontal disease may be seven times more likely to have a baby that is preterm of low birth weight. The relationship between periodontal disease and preterm birth. Pdf higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in women. Birth weight of infants of mothers with aggressive. Relationship between periodontal disease and preterm low.
Periodontal disease and preterm birth, is there any relationship. Association of periodontitis with preterm birth and low birth. L ow birth weight and its 2 components, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction, are major predictors of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Ijerph free fulltext effect of per capita income on the.
Its true, periodontal disease, or periodontitis, can in fact have detrimental effects on the health of an unborn baby, increasing the mothers chances of going into preterm labor and giving birth to a baby with low birth weight. Oral health during pregnancy american family physician. Periodontal disease and preterm delivery of lowbirthweight. Periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Preterm low birth weight and periodontal disease among african. The aim of study was to evaluate periodontal diseases as a risk factor for a preterm low birth weight. A relationship between maternal periodontal disease and preterm. Maternal periodontitis as a possible risk factor for preterm.
Preterm low birth weight and maternal periodontal status. The extent of periodontal disease did not increase risk of preterm low birthweight according to 15 measures of periodontal disease. In the periodontally healthy group, the rates of ptb and lbw deliveries were 9. The relationship between maternal periodontitis and preterm. Association of periodontitis with preterm birth and low birth weight. The goal of this study was to establish whether periodontal disease is a risk factor for preterm birth, and to evaluate the association of this risk with gestational age. Cost of hospitalization for preterm and low birth weight. Pdf association of periodontitis with preterm birth and low. Apr 15, 2008 for birth before 35 weeks gestation very preterm birth, the risk reduction was 0. The risk factoradjusted relative risk rr models for preterm birth and spontaneous preterm birth according to antepartum periodontal status using the 3level periodontal disease variable as the main exposure are shown in table 2. Assessments included a broad range of known obstetric risk factors, such as tobacco use. Research links poor dental hygiene to low birth weight. Grading birth weight grade 2500 2000 gm low birth weight 2000 gm very low birth weight low birth weight 5.
Scaling and root planing treatment for periodontitis to. The studies focused on preterm birth, low birth weight and or preterm low birth weight and periodontitis. Prematurity and low birth weight are major causes of neonatal morbidity, mortality and longterm disability. Dynamic among periodontal disease, stress, and adverse pregnancy. Higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in women. The relationship between maternal periodontal status of and.
Frontiers role of maternal periodontitis in preterm birth. Closys is safe to use with pregnant patients, or for those women who may be considering becoming pregnant. Unculturable and culturable periodontalrelated bacteria are. Periodontal diseases and the risk of preterm birth and low. Pregnancy and periodontal disease nearly 60 to 75% of pregnant women have gingivitis, an early stage of periodontal disease that occurs when the gums become red and swollen from inflammation that may be aggravated by changing hormones during pregnancy. The proposed link between maternal periodontitis and preterm low birth weight infants is. Preterm delivery ptd and low birth weight lbw, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation and birth weight less than 2500 g, are major public health. A positive association between maternal periodontitis and preterm birth was found in 60% of the studies. Expectant mothers periodontal health vital to health of. Periodontitis among poor rural indian mothers increases. In 2016, a hospitalbased prospective study on 790 pregnant women found that periodontitis was a risk factor for preterm birth and 22 low birth weight. Inflammatory response may lead to placental blood flow restrictions, placental necrosis, and consequent low birth weight. To explore the association of maternal periodontitis with preterm delivery and low birth weight in the state of.
Preterm low birth weight plbw is the prime reason for perinatal. Pdf periodontal therapy reduces the rate of preterm low. Expectant mothers periodontal health vital to health of her. Who care of the preterm and lowbirthweight newborn. Colgate oral health network free dental continuing education. This study was conducted to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm birth ptb, low birth weight lbw to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs. This obstetric complication is usually a direct result of preterm labour, in which case it is referred to as preterm delivery of low birth weight infants plbw. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of maternal periodontitis with low birth weight lbw and preterm birth pb. The hypothesis of periodontitis as an independent risk factor of preterm birth andor low birth weight needs further verification. Gum disease, preterm delivery, low birth weight, gingivitis, periodontitis. Compared with mothers with periodontal health, the relative risk for both preterm delivery and spontaneous. In this randomized trial, nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis including scaling an. Treatment of periodontitis in pregnant women improves periodontal disease and is safe but does not significantly alter rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, or fetal growth restriction.
This study was designed to evaluate the nature of the relationship and the prevalence of preterm birth and periodontal disease in a sample population of women from the eastern province of saudi arabia. The purpose of this study was to determine if an association exists between periodontal disease and preterm birth pt. Association between preterm and lowbirth weight with. Maternal periodontitis as a possible risk factor for. Periodontitis as an emerging risk in preterm low birth. Dasanayake, maternal periodontal disease is related to preterm low birth weight delivery in a group of brazilian women, journal of. Our findings indicate that periodontal diseases in the pregnant mother significantly increase the risk of subsequent preterm birth or low birth weight. Association of periodontitis with pre term low birth. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm birth low birth weight.
Researchers believe that since periodontal disease is a bacterial infection, it may trigger an increase in labor inducing body fluids, leading to premature delivery. Association between maternal periodontal disease and preterm. Association between preterm and low birth weight with periodontal disease. Influence of maternal periodontal health as a risk factor for lowbirth. Research has indicated that women with periodontal disease may be at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such giving birth to a pre term or low birth weight baby, reports the aap and efp. Maternal periodontitis as a possible risk factor for preterm birth and. There is no consensus about the influence of periodontal disease on preterm low birthweight. In the present investigation we sought to determine whether the prevalence of maternal periodontal infection could be associated with preterm low birth weight plbw, controlling for known risk factors and potential covariates.
Maternal periodontal disease has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. Relationship between periodontal disease and preterm low birth. Pdf pregnant women with periodontal disease pd may be at increased risk for having preterm low birth weight plbw children. Research has indicated that women with periodontal disease may be at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such giving birth to a preterm or low birth weight baby, reports the aap and efp. Progressive periodontal disease and risk of very preterm.
Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcome intechopen. Birth weight of infants of mothers with aggressive periodontitis. Obstetricians knowledge and practice behaviors concerning. These chronic oral infections are characterized by the presence of a biofilm matrix that adheres to the periodontal. Pdf the relationship between periodontitis and preterm low. Exploring the relationship between periodontal disease and. The relationship between maternal periodontal status of. Mean periodontal pocket depth and frequency of periodontal sites with clinical attachment level. Gum disease can be a risk factor for preterm delivery. Gum disease possibly linked to preterm delivery of low. Of the 639 women studied, 406 had gingivitis and received treatment before 28 weeks gestation, and 233 had pd and were treated after delivery. Scientific evidence has shown that there is an association between periodontal health during pregnancy and adverse outcomes of labor, although interventional studies based on the treatment of periodontitis have failed to document an impact on reducing the incidence of preterm birth pb or low birth weight lbw.
Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth. Periodontitis as a risk factor for preterm low birth. Low birth weight, periodontal disease, preterm birth. While it remains important to promote good oral hygiene during routine prenatal visits, there is no convincing evidence, on the basis of existing casecontrol and prospective studies. The studies conducted in the uk and germany found that periodontal disease is actually associated with a decreased risk of preterm low birth weights. Periodontal therapy reduces the rate of preterm low birth weight in women with pregnancyassociated gingivitis. Treatment of periodontal disease and the risk of preterm birth. Periodontal disease and preterm delivery of lowbirth. The search from the databases and manual search from. Recent evidence suggests that periodontal disease may be a risk factor for both premature and low birth weight babies. Association between periodontitis in pregnancy and preterm.
Logistic regression analysis showed a strong association between. Periodontitis as a risk factor for preterm birth and low birth weight. The prevalence and association of preterm birth with. Low birthweight thus defines a heterogeneous group of infants.
Periodontitis and risk of preterm birth and low birthweight. The postoperative and opioid free anesthesia pofa randomized clinical trial. A link between periodontal infection and several systemic conditions, among which adverse pregnancy outcomes, has been suggested in the recent years. Periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low. The objective was to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and preterm low birthweight. Jun 30, 2015 low birth weight any infant with a birth weight of less than 2. Association between maternal periodontal disease and. Pdf the relationship between periodontitis and preterm. Pdf periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low. This study provides information about these obstetricians kno wledge of periodontal health and how it may relate to preterm delivery or low birth weight infants. Clinical periodontal status was recorded on a full mouth basis. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2007. To evaluate the association between maternal periodontitis and preterm delivery or low birth weight.
So, what factors may explain the lack of any effect of this. The results from this study are in general agreement with previous findings of the obstetrics and periodontal therapy study, 20 which demonstrated that periodontal therapy during pregnancy did not alter the rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, or fetal growth restriction. Pdf there is no consensus about the influence of periodontal disease on preterm. Prevalence and relationship between maternal periodontal. In vitro, closys does not interfere with fibroblastic activity, and has no adverse effects on periodontal tissues. The authors also calculated estimates of the populationattributable fraction epaf of the effect of periodontal disease on these adverse outcomes. Apr 30, 2012 authors concluded that maternal periodontal disease was associated with increased risk for these three adverse pregnancy outcomes. Epidemiology of association between maternal periodontal disease. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy. Results from twelve studies five casecontrol,28, 29, 33, 42, 58 five cohort4, 45, 46, 51, 54 and. It has been suggested that periodontal disease is an important risk factor for preterm low birth weight plbw.
1489 534 1296 1611 1279 501 427 832 57 348 1478 919 744 171 57 964 1284 142 1140 1381 92 909 1595 644 68 187 86 100 1512 1490 455 413 1479 697 198 439 1281 1404